Hinge for windows, doors, gates and the like



May 1, 1962 w. 'F. RAMIEN 3,031,713

HINGE FOR WINDOWS, DOORS, GATES AND THE LIKE Filed Dec. 10, 1958 2Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.1

Fig.5

INVENT OR 1 I I a/[balm [Pa/2218i? May 1, 1962 W. F. RAMIEN HINGE FORWINDOWS, DOORS, GATES AND THE LIKE Filed Dec. 10, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2United States Patent 3,031,713 rmson F03 WEQDGWS, OORS, GATES THE LIKEWolfgang Friedrich Ramien, Cardinal Heights, Ontario, Canada, assignorto Prarneta Prazisionsmetallund Kunststofierzengnisse G. Banmann & Co.,Koln-Hohenberg, Germany Filed Dec. 10, 1958, Ser. No. 779,433 Claimspriority, application Germany Mar. 19, 1958 6 Claims. (Cl. 16-159) Thisinvention relates to a'hinge for windows, cabinet doors, rooms, and forgates and the like.

Hinges for the purposes mentioned above which, instead of the usualleaves to be sunk into the wood or the like and to be screwed thereon,are provided with pins to be sunk into the wooden parts are known. Eachpart of these known hinges, i.e., the upper and lower part, is providedwith the pin. One of the hinge parts, generally the lower part, isprovided with a pintle which extends in the longitudinal axis of thehinge part and on which the upper hinge part can be slipped by means ofan appropriate recess. In order to prevent the pintle of the lower hingepart from turning about the axis of the pin which is sunk into the wood,the position of the lower part of the known hinges is locked by means ofa locking pin which is driven through the perforated pin sunk into thewood. Since the position of the perforation in the pin of the fastenedlower part is not recognizable from the outside, a special gage isrequired for this purpose. However, in spite of using this gage, it isnot warranted that the locking pin is driven in satisfactorily so thatdamage to the wood may occur. Moreover, replacement of a hinge part isonly possible with difiiculty in case of the known method of locking thehinge part in adjusted position.

An object of this invention is to provide simplification and improvementof the method of preventing the hinge parts from being turned out ofposition, and of the con struction of the hinges themselves. Theinvention is characterized in that turning out of position is preventedby means of a locking member which acts directly on the pintle of thehinge part or its cylindrical member, preferably of the lower hingepart. The locking member and the associated pin are arranged at as greata distance as is possible thereby achieving most effective locking ofthe hinge part in adjusted position.

It is a further object of the invention to construct the cylindricalmember and the pin as one integral part. For this purpose, the pin iscombined with the cylindrical mem-i ber consisting of a. casting to formone single part. The cylindrical member or barrel is preferably made ofa diecast metal or of an injection-molded plastic material. That part ofthe pin which is imbedded in the casting may be roughened, e.g. knurled,at the end which engages the casting. However, the pintle and the pinmay form one single piece. Since these members are positioned at a rightangle with respect to each other, the member to be imbedded would be ofangular shape and, therefore, be held firmly in the casting without thepossibility of being turned out of position and pulled out.

The advantage of manufacturing the hinge part in a manner that at leastthe pintle and the pin form one single piece held together by thecasting resides in the fact that substantial simplification ofmanufacture is achieved and that even in case of very small thickness ofthe casting jacket as compared with the mass of the inserted part, thelatter has a surprisingly snug fit and is firmly held without thepossibility of being dislocated. The threads are preferably formed onthe pins by rolling-on after insertion into the casting.

Finally, it is an object of this invention to provide hinges where thedistance between the pins of the hinge parts is 3,631,7i3 Patented May1, 1962 drawings showing several embodiments and where FIG. 1 is anexploded plan view of the hinge of the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a staple used as the locking member;

FIG. 3 shows an eye screw used as the locking member;

FIG. 4 shows the hinge joint of the invention as mounted on a rabbeteddoor;

FIG. 5 is an exploded sectional view showing a further embodiment of thelower part of the hinge;

FIGS. 6, 7, and 8 show further forms of the pin;

FIG. 9 illustrates a further detail of the hinge of the invention usingdifferent sized pins;

FIG. 10 is a cross sectional view illustrating a further embodiment ofthe hinge of the invention, and FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken online H-Xl of FIG. 10.

The hinge comprises barrel portions 1 and 2 provided with laterallyextending pins 3 and 5, respectively, which are driven or screwed intothe stationary frame and the door leaf or the wing of a window, etc.,respectively. The hinge part 1 as the lower part is provided with thepintle 4. The upper part 2 is provided with a bore 6 to receive thepintle 4 so that the hinge parts may be pivotally connected. In specialcases, thepintle 4- may also be provided at the upper hinge part whilethe: lower part has the associated bore. To prevent the hinge partbearing the pintle 4, e.g. the lower part 1, from being turned out ofits adjusted position, a locking member 7 is provided which, forexample, may engage a bore 8 provided in the hinge part 1. The lockingmember 7 may be threaded at its end to be driven into the frame whilethe other end may be provided with a screw slot 9.

As shown in FIG. 2, the locking member may also be in the form of astaple 12 which is driven into the wood over the pintle 4 after thehinge part bearing the pintle 4- has been screwed in or driven in andwhich, .at the pintle 4, has the form of a washer.

As shown in FIG. 3, an eye screw 13 may serve the function of lockingthe hinge part in adjusted position. The pintle 4 in FIGS. 2 and 3 ispreferably separate from the cylindrical member 1.

In FIG. 4 the hinge is shown as mounted on a rabbeted door, the hingepart 1 being fastened to the stationary frame 10 by means of the pin 3,while the hinge part 2 is supported by means of the pin 5 into themovable door 11 provided with a rabbet 11a. The upper part 2 is fittedon the pintle of the lower part and moves with the door. The lockingmember 7 is arranged above the pin 3 and engages a recess provided inthe hinge part 1. The hinge pin 5 may be driven into the rabbetangularly as shown. The hinge of the invention is also suitable fornon-rabbeted doors engaging the frame with a butt joint or offset joint.

The design of the locking members as a separate part and the fact thatthe bolt which, in accordance with FIG. 1, is used as the locking memberis provided, at its end engaging the bore 8 of the lower part 1, with ascrew slot are of particular advantage for the conventional method ofmounting doors. In conventional practice, doors of, for example, acabinet are first fastened on approval prior to polishing the cabinetand are then removed whereupon they are finally mounted. The lower part1 and the upper part 2 are fastened to the frame and the door,respectively, of the cabinet by means of a suitable fastening tool.Driving in of, for example, a stud bolt of an eye screw as a lockingmember is possible with the same fastening tool without resetting thesame. In the preliminary fastening and mounting ofthe cabinet, the studbolt is driven in to an extent that its'upper end is'flush with'the woodsurface, i.e., it will not engage the lower hinge part 1 so that thesame is not yet secured against rotation out of position and, just asthe upper part 2, may be 'removed'by unscrewing. Thereafter, the polishis applied to the cabinet. After the polishing is completed, the studbolt is unscrewed from the wood by the depth of the bore 8, e.g. by 2mm., by means of a screw driver engaging the slot of the stud bolt. TheupperpartZ and the lower part 1 are now finally screwed in, i.e., theupper part is screwed in completely and the lower part to an extent thatthe stud bolt 7 arrives at the beginning of the bore .8. The last partof driving in the lower 'hinge part 1 is effected by hammering, for thelower part 1 can no longer be turned because the stud bolt has nowengaged the bore 8. To make this hammering-in possible, thepins '3 andthe stud bolt are preferably provided with nail screw threads, whichfacilitates the hammering-in and prevents the pulling-back of thethreads out of the bore. The pin of the upper part, however, ispreferably provided with a metric thread which permits a finerregulation ofthe depth of enetration of the pin into the wood whenadjusting the distance between the frame and the door. The eye screw 13,which is provided preferably with a thread used on spikes, will beinstalled on doors having veneer loosely between the upper part and thelower part of the hinge, so that the eye screw will lie in the oppositedirection to the door. The screw will be fastened in the here whenfastening the hinge finally.

The bore 8 for the locking member may be of elongated shape in thedirection of the axis of the hinge part.

Securing of the pins 3 and 5 and also of the pintle 4 in the respectivehinge part 1 or 2 is preferably effected by manufacturing the hingeparts 1 andl as castings (of diecastmetals or of injection-moldedplastics) and by imbedding the pins 3 and 5 and the joint rod 4directlyinto the casting. To improve the tight fit between the imbeddedparts and the casting, the members3, 4, and '5 may be roughened, e.g.knurled, at their ends or be provided with thicker heads 3a, 3b, 30(FIGS. 6 through 8 Instead of irnbedding the two parts 3 and 4 into thelower hinge part .1, both of the members 3 and t may be used as anintegral .pieceo'f angular shape 4a (FIG. 5). The angullar shape aloneprevents the imbedded member from being turned out of position withrespect to the casting '1 and from being pulled out.

The imbedding of the pins3 and 5 in the hinge parts 1 and 2 permitshinges of different sizes to be provided with pins 3 and 5 maintained atthe same spacing. While previously the distance between the pins and thethicknesses thereof were increased as the size of hinge increased, thisis not required in the hinge of the invention. It is only necessary foroptical reasons to increase the lengths of the hinge members 1a, 2a, 1b,2b, 1c, and 2c (FIG..9) note the spacing of pins 3 and 5 is thesame forall the hinge members.

In case of the embodiment of the hinge of the'invention shown in FIGS.10 and 11, the upper hinge part 14 is provided with a cross pin 15 whilethe lower hinge part .16 is provided with a transversely extending pin17. Both of the cylindrical hinge parts 14 and 16 are pivotally mountedabout a common rod 18. The pins 15 and 17 are provided at their innersides with elongated threaded recesses 19 and 20 into which the bolts 21may be screwed as locking members while displacing the wood not removedby preliminary drilling. Thereby, the pins 15 and 17 are locked in thewoodunder additional pressing power in a simple andreliable mannerpreventing them from being turned and pulled out and permitting easyreplacement.

The elongated threaded recesses in the pin and the screws 21 are ofequal length. Therefore, the headless screws 21 mating with theelongated threaded recesses of the metallic pins can not'be screwed intoo deep. Its front end will be flush with the front face of the pin andthe surfaces of the door and the frame even in case of inattentivedriving. .In case of the hinge for doors provided with rabbets as shownin FIG. 10, the pin 15 is provided with a flattened part 22. Theelongated threaded recess 19 begins at the non-flattened part of the pin15.

What is claimed is:

l. A hinge assembly for use between a pair of panels or the likehavingrespective relative movement, said assembly comprising two elongatedbarrel portions, one of said barrel portions including at one end alongitudinally extending pintle element, the other barrel portionincluding at one end a longitudinally extending bore opening thereintoand rotatably and removably received on said pintle element, each ofsaid barrel portions including a laterally projecting, drivable fastenerdisposed normal :to the longitudinal axis of said barrel portions anddisposed at an intermediate portion of said barrel portions forrespective receipt in one of said pair of panels to be hingedlyconnected by said hinge assembly, and drivable fastener means mounted onsaid pintle element and disposed between said one ends thereof, saiddrivable fastener meansincludin g an elongated .end portion disposednormal to the longitudinal axes of said barrel .portions.

2. A hinge assembly as set forth in claim 1 wherein said drivablefastener means comprises a bifurcated staple element having an eye.portion 'circumposed about said pintle and disposed within a projectionof the outer surface of 'said barrel portions.

3. A'hinge assembly as set forthin claim 1 wherein said drivablefastener means comprises :a screweeye having an eye portion circumposedabout said pintle .and disposed within a projection of the outersurfaces of said barrel portions.

4. A hinge assembly as set forthin claim 1 .wherein the drivablefasteners on said barrel portions are spaced longitudinallyequidistantly from said one ends of said-barrel portions.

5. A hinge as in claim 1, wherein each barrel portion is die-cast'metal.

6. A hinge as in claim 1, wherein each "barrel portion isinjection-molded plastic material.

References Cited in the file of thispatent UNITED STATES PATENTS 746,509Hogan Dec. 8, 1903 FOREIGN PATENTS 183,151 Switzerland June 2, 1936310,764 Switzerland Jan. 14, 1956

